An inguinal hernia occurs when parts of the intestine protrude through a weak spot in the lower abdominal muscles. Even though it might not show any symptoms initially, it usually becomes more severe over time, as it grows in size and becomes painful. The only permanent solution for hernias is surgery. (1)

What is Inguinal Hernia Surgery?

Inguinal hernia surgery involves returning the hernia—protruding tissue or parts of the intestine—to its original place. The weakened part of the abdominal muscles is then stitched to strengthen it. Sometimes, a mesh is also placed to support the muscles of the abdomen and prevent the hernia from recurring. (2)

Depending on the case and severity of the hernia, the surgery may be performed either laparoscopically or through open surgery. The choice of anesthesia may involve general, spinal, or local anesthesia. (2)

Indications

Surgery is typically necessary when an inguinal hernia becomes larger, more painful, or develops complications, such as bowel obstruction or a strangulated hernia, where the blood supply to the tissue is cut off, leading to tissue death and requiring emergency surgery. (3)

Not all inguinal hernias need immediate treatment, but most will eventually require surgical intervention, as they tend to worsen over time. (4)

Risks 

Generally, inguinal hernia surgery is a safe procedure and one of the most common routine surgeries worldwide, with over 20 million procedures performed annually. However, there is a small chance of complications, such as: (2)

• Risks associated with anesthesia.
• Bleeding or infection at the incision site.
• Damage to nearby organs, blood vessels, or nerves.
• Recurrence of the hernia.

Preparations

Your surgeon will explain the entire procedure and what to expect. You’ll need to follow certain pre-operative instructions, which usually include: (4)

• Discontinuing certain medications before surgery, such as blood thinners (only if advised by your doctor).
• Fasting the night before surgery, unless otherwise instructed.
• Quitting smoking.

Surgery Steps

Inguinal hernia surgery typically takes between 30 - 60 minutes, depending on the severity of the case. The procedure involves the following steps: (4)

• The surgeon will select the appropriate anesthesia (general, spinal, or local) based on the case.
• The surgery can be performed in two ways:some text
  • Open surgery: The traditional method, involving a large incision to return the hernia to its place.
  • Laparoscopic surgery: A minimally invasive approach using small incisions and a thin scope to repair the hernia.
• The surgeon returns the hernia to its original position and stitches the tissues and muscles in the abdominal wall to strengthen and tighten the weak spots.
• A surgical mesh may be placed to provide additional support and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
• The incision is sutured, and a dressing is applied.

The Department of General Surgery at Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital uses the latest surgical techniques and laparoscopies to treat all types of hernias, under the care of highly skilled surgeons. Book an appointment now for a consultation about your condition.

Recovery

In many cases, you can return home the same day after the surgery, though more complicated cases may require a hospital stay for a day or two. Follow the surgeon's post-surgery instructions, which typically include: (4)

• Resting for a day.
• Gradually returning to light activities, such as walking or simple household chores.
• Avoiding strenuous activities or heavy lifting for several weeks.
• Avoiding pressure on the abdominal area (e.g., do not sleep on your stomach and rise gradually from lying to sitting/standing position).
• Drinking plenty of water and eating high-fiber foods to prevent constipation after surgery.

References

1. Mayo Clinic Health System - Treatment options for inguinal hernia repair
2. MedlinePlus - Inguinal hernia repair
3. NHS - Inguinal hernia repair‍
4. Cleveland Clinic - Hernia Repair Surgery