Vaginitis is a common health condition with various causes. It can result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections, as well as hormonal changes. Additionally, it may be triggered by skin allergies to certain hygiene products used in the vaginal area. 

Fortunately, there are many effective treatments available for vaginitis, which we will explore in detail in this article. (1)

Symptoms of Vaginitis Based on the Cause

The symptoms of vaginitis vary depending on its underlying cause: (2)

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV):

50% of cases are asymptomatic. However, when symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Thin, watery discharge that is white, gray, or yellow.
• A strong fishy odor, which becomes more noticeable after intercourse.
• Vaginal redness, itching, and pain (although these are not common).

Yeast Infections (Fungal Vaginitis)

Yeast infections typically cause noticeable symptoms, including:

• Severe itching and redness in the vulva, which is the most common symptom.
• Thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge, usually odorless.
• Pain and burning during intercourse or urination, due to irritation.

Trichomoniasis (Parasitic Infection)

This infection may be asymptomatic, but when symptoms occur, they can include:

• Itching, burning, and general discomfort in the vaginal area.
• Foul-smelling, frothy discharge that is grayish-green in color.

Treatment of Vaginitis

The treatment for vaginitis depends on its cause. Generally, we start with simple approaches, such as maintaining proper personal hygiene and using topical medications tailored to the specific type of infection. If these initial treatments are ineffective, more potent medications may be recommended. (3)

General Tips for Managing Vaginitis

Certain home remedies and lifestyle adjustments can help relieve vaginitis symptoms, regardless of the type: (3)

• Avoid using products that may irritate the area, such as scented soaps or perfumes.
• Wear loose-fitting cotton underwear to allow breathability.
• Keep the vaginal area clean by washing with water regularly and drying it thoroughly.
• Always wipe from front to back to prevent the spread of bacteria from the anal area.

Treatment for Yeast Infections (Fungal Vaginitis)

Yeast infections are typically treated with antifungal creams or vaginal suppositories, such as: (4)

• Miconazole (sold under brand names like Daktarin, Gyno-Candizol, Mycoheal).
• Isoconazole (available as Azonit).
• Clotrimazole (found in products like Canesten).

These medications are often available over the counter at pharmacies. However, it is important to complete the full course of treatment as advised by your doctor or pharmacist, even if symptoms disappear before finishing the medication.

In some cases, an oral antifungal medication, such as fluconazole (Diflucan), may be necessary for treatment.

Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis 

For bacterial vaginosis your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic, which can be applied topically (as a gel, cream, or vaginal suppository) or taken orally. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics are Metronidazole and Clindamycin: (2)

1. Metronidazole: Available in oral or topical forms:
   
   • Metronidazole tablets (Flagyl) 500 mg
   • Metronidazole vaginal gel (0.75% concentration)
2. Clindamycin: Available in oral or topical forms:
   
   • Clindamycin vaginal cream (2% concentration)
   • Clindamycin tablets (300 mg)
   • Clindamycin ovules

It is crucial to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms disappear before finishing the medication.

In 20-40% of cases, the infection may return within a month of treatment. The risk of recurrence can be reduced by using Metronidazole vaginal gel twice a week for six months.

Bacterial vaginosis can occur during pregnancy, and treating it under medical supervision is important to protect both the mother and the baby from complications. Pregnant women should follow up with their doctor one month after completing treatment to ensure complete recovery.

Treatment for Trichomoniasis

If vaginitis is caused by trichomoniasis, your doctor will likely prescribe an oral medication, most commonly Metronidazole or Tinidazole. (2)

Treatment for Hormonal Vaginitis

Menopause causes hormonal changes in the vaginal area, increasing the likelihood of irritation and inflammation even without an infection. In this case, treatment typically involves estrogen therapy, which is available in several forms, including: (1)

• Vaginal rings
• Vaginal creams
• Oral tablets

It is essential to consult a doctor to determine the most suitable treatment option.

Treatment for Irritation Vaginitis

In some cases, vaginitis may result from irritation or an allergic reaction to certain products, such as hygiene products, sanitary pads, or toilet paper. The key to treatment is identifying and eliminating the source of irritation or allergy. (1)

Preventing Vaginitis

Maintaining proper personal hygiene and adopting healthy habits are the most important steps in preventing vaginitis and reducing the risk of recurrence. Here are key prevention tips: (1)

• Avoid wearing tight or non-breathable fabrics like nylon, which trap heat and moisture.
• Do not stay in wet or damp clothing for extended periods.
• Avoid using vaginal douches entirely.
• Do not use scented hygiene products, soaps, or chemical-based washes in the vaginal area.
• Always wipe from front to back when cleaning or drying the genital area to prevent the spread of bacteria.
• Schedule regular check-ups with a gynecologist for routine examinations and early detection of any issues.

Consult a Gynecologist Now!

Get a confirmed diagnosis and the right treatment by consulting our Gynecology Department to ensure complete recovery from vaginitis. Book your appointment today!

References

1. MedlinePlus - Vaginitis
2. Medscape - Vaginitis Treatment
3. NHS - Vaginitis
4. Mayo Clinic - Vaginitis: Diagnosis and Treatmet