Elevated Liver Enzymes: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Inflamed or injured liver cells leak certain chemicals into the bloodstream at higher-than-normal levels. This condition often indicates liver inflammation, damage, or improper liver function, as revealed through blood tests.

In most cases, elevated liver enzymes are mild and temporary, not requiring significant concern. However, persistent elevations may signal an underlying health issue that needs further evaluation and treatment. (1)

What Do Liver Enzyme Tests Measure?

The following liver enzymes are commonly evaluated as part of liver function tests: (1)

• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)

Causes of Elevated Liver Enzymes

Elevated liver enzymes usually indicate a liver function disorder caused by various health conditions, such as: (2)

1. Fatty Liver Disease
2. Hepatitis
3. Medications (e.g., cholesterol-lowering drugs, isotretinoin, paracetamol)
4. Hemochromatosis (excessive iron storage in the body)
5. Thyroid Disorders
6. Muscle Conditions (e.g., polymyositis)
7. Cirrhosis
8. Celiac Disease

Risk Factors for Elevated Liver Enzymes

Certain factors increase the likelihood of liver enzyme elevation, including: (2)

• Diabetes.
• Use of specific medications, herbs, or supplements.
• Family history of liver diseases.
• Alcohol consumption.

Symptoms of Elevated Liver Enzymes

Often, elevated liver enzymes do not cause noticeable symptoms. However, if they are linked to liver damage, you may experience: (2)

• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).
• Dark Urine.
• Pale Stools.
• Abdominal Pain.
• Loss of Appetite and Nausea.

Management of Elevated Liver Enzymes

Elevated liver enzymes are usually detected during routine blood tests. In mild cases, levels may normalize within 2–4 weeks without treatment. However, if levels remain elevated, additional tests, including blood tests and imaging, may be necessary to identify the cause. The treatment plan will depend on the underlying condition. (2)

Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital: Trusted Diagnostic Services

Given the complexity and significance of liver enzyme tests, it’s crucial to choose a trusted healthcare facility for accurate diagnosis. Dr. Soliman Fakeeh Hospital provides comprehensive diagnostic services through its experienced medical team in the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department. Schedule your appointment confidently to ensure precise evaluation and expert care.

How to Prevent Elevated Liver Enzymes

Here are some recommendations to maintain healthy liver enzyme levels: (3)

1. Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle:some text
   • Maintain a healthy weight.
   • Follow a balanced diet.
   • Exercise regularly.
   • Avoid alcohol.
2. Use Medications only when necessary:some text
   • Take medications and supplements only as needed and as directed by a healthcare provider.
3. Stay Vaccinated:some text
   • Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B.
4. Monitor Blood Sugar Levels:some text
   • If you have diabetes, keep blood sugar levels under control.
5. Routine Liver Health Screenings:some text
   • Commit to regular liver function tests and health checkups.

By following these guidelines, you can reduce the risk of liver enzyme elevation and maintain optimal liver health.

References

1. mayoclinic - Elevated liver enzymes
2. clevelandclinic - Elevated Liver Enzymes
3. Stanfordhealthcare - Liver Disease Prevention